Grade 8 Social Studies Missouri standards Standards

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Economic Concepts

Using an American history lens, examine the opportunity costs and benefits of economic decisions on society as a whole as well as on individuals prior to c. 1870

Geographical Study

Create and use maps and other graphic representations in order to explain relationships and reveal patterns or trends in United States’ history prior to c.1870.

Explain how the physical and human characteristics of regions in the Americas prior to c.1870 are connected to changing identity and culture.

Locate major cities of Missouri, the United States, and the world; states of the United States and key world nations; the world’s continents, and oceans; and major topographical features of the United States.

Government Systems and Principles

Analyze laws, policies, and processes to determine how governmental systems affect individuals and groups in society in United States history prior to c.1870.

History:  Continuity and Change

Create and use tools to analyze a chronological sequence of related events in United States history.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigating social studies topics, and create and present a research product which applies an aspect of United States history prior to c. 1870 to a contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling questions about United States history prior to c. 1870 to determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a specific problem in United States history prior to c. 1870 as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

People, Groups, and Cultures

Using an American history lens, describe how peoples’ perspectives shaped the sources/artifacts they created.

Using an American history lens, examine the origins and impact of social structures and stratification on societies and relationships between peoples.

Settlements

Economic Concepts

Compare sources of labor, emerging economic production, and availability of land in the New World and their impact on economic development in North and South America.

Analyze the mercantile system to explain colonial responses to economic control by European nations including Great Britain.

Geographical Study

Analyze diverse Native American cultures in North, Central and South America to explain the ways they adapted to their various environments.

Analyze the geography of colonial regions in North and South America to explain their cultural, social and economic differences.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life.

Governmental Systems and Principle

Compare the governmental systems of European powers to determine their effect on colonization in the Americas.

Explain how the founding of European colonies influenced their governments and expectations for self-rule.

Analyze local and colonial governments to trace the factors influencing their structure and function.

History:  Continuity and Change

Trace the causes and consequences of indigenous. peoples arriving in the Americas beginning c. 15,000 BCE.

Compare factors motivating Europeans to explore and settle in the New World to explain colonial diversity and regional differences in North and South America.

Trace the causes and consequences of conflict and cooperation between Native Americans and North and South American colonists using multiple viewpoints.

Describe the causes and consequences of the Seven Years War as a turning point in American history.

Analyze the concept of Manifest Destiny as a catalyst for change in American history.

People, Groups, and Cultures

Analyze the religious, cultural, political and intellectual developments of Spanish, Portuguese, British and French regions to explain the development of diverse cultures throughout the Americas.

Analyze the religious, cultural, and intellectual developments of the European colonies to explain the development of regionalism and an American identity.

Compare and contrast the interaction of European settlers with Native Americans in both North and South America.

Founding

Economic Concepts

Describe the function and purpose of taxes imposed by Great Britain following the Seven Years War, evaluating colonial responses to them.

Compare the emerging economic characteristics of the nation and colonial regions to make predictions about future expansion and conflict.

Trace the development of the American economic system to explain how taxes, tariffs, and monetary policies were used to establish sustainability and growth.

Geographical Study

Draw conclusions about regional conflict and cooperation as a consequence of physical geography.

Evaluate the relationships among population, representation, and their effect on power in the new government.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States during this era c. 1763-1812.

Governmental Systems and Principles

Evaluate the impact of the French and Indian Wars on Great Britain’s approach to colonial rule.

Apply the concept of representation to the conflict between the colonies and Great Britain.

Apply the principles of inalienable rights, popular sovereignty, natural rights, and social contract to evaluate the purpose and legacy of the Declaration of Independence.

Evaluate the successes and challenges of the Articles of Confederation to explain the need for a Constitutional Convention.

Apply the principles of rule of law, representation, separation of powers, checks and balances, and federalism to explain the purposes and functions of the Constitution.

Describe the origins and purposes of the Bill of Rights and evaluate the enduring significance of these concepts to the preservation of individual rights and liberties.

Examine elections, issues, laws, and events of this time period to explain how the concepts of judicial review, elastic clause, and an amendment process were established or used to meet challenges.

History:  Continuity and Change

Trace the events leading to escalating conflict between Great Britain and the colonies, from multiple viewpoints.

Analyze the Declaration of Independence to determine the historical context and political philosophies that influenced its creation.

Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the American colonies and Great Britain to explain the American victory in the Revolution.

Explain the major debates that occurred during the adoption of the Constitution and their ultimate resolution.

Evaluate the responses of early American leaders to the social, political, economic and religious. challenges facing the new nation.

Infer how events of this period led to the development of philosophies, interest groups and political parties.

People, Groups, and Cultures

Analyze the perspectives of diverse individuals and groups to explain the extent of their support for the Revolutionary War.

Analyze populations of colonies/states to explain how their cultural, religious, social, and economic characteristics influenced the emergence of regional identity.

Compare and contrast the perspectives of individuals and groups regarding the development of the American governmental system to explain emerging divisions and political philosophies.

Evaluate laws, events, and perspectives to determine the extent to which individuals and groups could participate in, and realize, the promise of American ideals.

Analyze the artistic and intellectual achievements of early Americans to provide evidence of an emerging American identity.

Expansion

Economic Concepts

Analyze the origins and characteristics of coercive labor systems, including slavery, and their impact on economic and political expansion.

Explain how the expansion of industrialization, transportation and technological developments influenced different regions and the relationship among those regions.

Trace the continued development of the American economic system to explain how taxes, tariffs, and monetary policies were used to establish sustainability and growth.

Geographical Study

Trace the changing boundaries of the United States and describe how it represents the changing relationships with its neighbors and Native Americans.

Assess Manifest Destiny in relation to push-pull factors, geographic features, and human environmental interactions to determine their influence on the movement of goods, people and ideas.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life in this time period.

Governmental Systems and Principles

Trace the expansion of voting rights and patterns and explain how it impacted elections and political movements.

Analyze landmark Supreme Court cases to determine the effect on the definition and expansion of federal power.

Explain how the principles of rule of law, separation of powers, checks and balances, and federalism were impacted by Jacksonian Democracy.

History:  Continuity and Change

Analyze the expansion of the United States in the early nineteenth century to trace U.S. growth and form hypotheses about future conflicts.

Evaluate the responses of North and South American leaders to the social, political, economic and religious. challenges of the period.

Analyze the forced removal and resettlements of Native Americans to determine its impact on their cultures and civilizations.

People, Groups, and Cultures

Evaluate the effectiveness of various. reform movements, laws, and events to determine their impact on the promise of American ideals.

Analyze the experiences of enslaved peoples in North and South America to determine their cultural impact and enduring consequences.

Analyze diverse artistic, intellectual, and religious. movements to show how they reflect the aspirations and beliefs of the developing nation.

Describe the culture and accomplishments of native Americans and African Americans in the ways they responded to American expansion.

Analyze patterns of immigration to determine their impacts on the cultural, social, political and economic development of the United States.

Conflict and Crisis

Economic Concepts

Explain how the expansion of industrialization, transportation, and technological developments influenced different regions and the relationship among those regions.

Compare the economic strengths and weaknesses of the North and South before, during and immediately after the Civil War.

Geographical Study

Analyze the U.S. geography of North, South, and West in order to explain regional cultural, social and economic differences.

Evaluate the significance of geography on the conduct of the war and strategy of the North and South.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life in this time period.

Governmental Systems and Principles

Compare responses of government systems in the North and South to major legislation, executive orders, and court decisions before, during and immediately after the Civil War.

Analyze federalism and popular sovereignty to explain peoples’ expectations of the role of government and their place in governance.

Analyze the election of 1860 to explain the development of political parties and how they influence the selection of leaders.

Compare and contrast the governmental systems of the U.S. North and South to determine the strengths and weaknesses of federal and confederal systems.

History:  Continuity and Change

Analyze political compromises over slavery in the territories to explain intensifying sectional conflicts.

Trace the events as well as political, cultural, economic and social conditions leading to conflict between Northern and Southern states.

Describe critical developments and turning points in the Civil War, including major battles.

People, Groups, and Cultures

Determine the impact of the ideas contained in major speeches, literature, music, and writings from diverse individuals on the varying perspectives of American people, groups and movements.

Describe the impact of scientific and technological advances on the outcome of the war and its effect on people and diverse groups

Analyze the evolution of the women’s movement to trace its continued development and evaluate its impact.

Analyze the evolution of the Abolitionist Movement to trace its continued development and evaluate its impact.

Trace the development of African American culture in non-slave states and in the context of slavery.

People, Groups, and Cultures

Economic Concepts

Geographical Study

Government Systems and Principles

History: Continuity and Change

Create and use tools to analyze a chronological sequence of related events in world history.

Explain connections among historical context and peoples’ perspectives at the time in world history.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigation social studies topics and create a research product that applies an aspect of world history prior to 1450 to contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling questions about world history prior to c. 1450, to determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a specific problem in world history prior to c. 1450 as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

Using a world history lens, examine the opportunity costs and benefits of economic decisions on society as a whole as well as on individuals prior to c. 1450

Create and use maps and other graphic representations in order to explain relationships and reveal patterns or trends in world history prior to 1450.

Describe the impact of human settlement activities on the environmental and cultural characteristics of world regions prior to c. 1450.

Locate major cities of the world and key world nations - the world’s continents, and oceans - and major topographical features of the world.

Analyze laws, policies and processes to determine how governmental systems affecting individuals and groups in society in world history prior to c.1450

Using a world history lens, describe how peoples’ perspectives shaped the sources/artifacts they created.

Using a world history lens, examine the origins and impact of social structures and stratification on societies and relationships between peoples.

World Geography and Cultures

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

People, Groups, and Cultures

World Geography and Cultures

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Economic Concepts

World Geography and Cultures

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Geographic Study

World Geography and Cultures

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Government Systems and Principles

Conflict and Crisis

World Geography and Cultures

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

History: Continuity and Change

World Geography

Middle Ages-Regional Interconnectedness and Conflict

Classical Civilizations: Foundations of Representative Government

Early Civilizations: Geography's Impact on History

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

People, Groups, and Cultures

Middle Ages-Regional Interconnectedness and Conflict

Classical Civilizations: Foundations of Representative Government

Early Civilizations: Geography's Impact on History

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Economic Concepts

Middle Ages-Regional Interconnectedness and Conflict

Classical Civilizations: Foundations of Representative Government

Early Civilizations: Geography's Impact on History

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Geographic Study

Regional Interconnectedness and Conflict

Classical Civilizations: Foundations of Representative Government

Early Civilizations: Geography's Impact on History

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Government Systems and Principals

Middle Ages-Regional Interconnectedness and Conflict

Classical Civilizations: Foundations of Representative Government

Early Civilizations: Geography's Impact on History

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Continuity and Change

World History

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

People, Groups, and Cultures

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Economic Concepts

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Geographical Study

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Government Systems and Principles

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

History: Continuity and Change

American History

Create and use tools to analyze a chronological sequence of related events in American history.

Explain connections between historical context and peoples' perspectives at the time in American history.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigating social studies' topics and create a research product which applies an aspect of American history prior to c. 1870 to a contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling questions about American history prior to 1870, to determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a specific problem in American history prior to c. 1870 as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

Analyze laws, policies, and processes to determine how governmental systems affect individuals and groups in society prior to c. 1870.

Create and use maps and other graphic representations in order to explain relationships and reveal patterns or trends in American history prior to c.1870.

Explain how the physical and human characteristics of regions in the Americas prior to c. 1870 are connected to changing identity and culture.

Locate major cities of Missouri, the United States, and the world; states of the United States and key world nations; the world's continents, and oceans; and major topographical features of the United States.

Using an American history lens, examine the opportunity costs and benefits of economic decisions on society as a whole as well as on individuals, prior to c. 1870.

Using an American history lens, describe how peoples' perspectives shaped the sources/artifacts they created.

Using an American history lens, examine the origins and impact of social structures and stratification on societies and relationships between peoples.

Trace the causes and consequences of indigenous peoples arriving in the Americas beginning c. 15,000 BCE.

Compare factors motivating Europeans to explore and settle in the New World to explain colonial diversity and regional differences in North and South America.

Trace the causes and consequences of conflict and cooperation between Native Americans and north and South American colonists, using multiple viewpoints.

Describe the causes and consequences of the Seven Years War as a turning point in American history.

Analyze the concept of Manifest Destiny as a catalyst for change in American history.

Compare the governmental systems of European powers to determine effect on colonization in the Americas.

Explain how the founding of European colonies influenced their governments and expectations for self-rule.

Analyze local and colonial governments in North and South America to trace the factors influencing their structure and function.

Analyze diverse Native American cultures in north, Central and South America to explain the way they adapted to their various environments.

Analyze the geography of colonial regions in North and South America to explain their cultural, social and economic differences.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life.

Compare sources of labor, emerging economic production, and availability of land in the New World and their impact on economic development in North and South America.

Analyze the mercantile system to explain colonial responses to economic control by European nations including Great Britain.

Analyze the religious., cultural, political and intellectual developments of Spanish, Portuguese, British and French regions to explain the development of diverse cultures throughout the Americas.

Analyze the religious, cultural, and intellectual developments of the English colonies to explain the development of regionalism and an American identity.

Compare and contrast the interaction of European settlers with Native Americans in both North and South America.

Trace the events leading to escalating conflict between Great Britain and the colonies, from multiple viewpoints.

Analyze the Declaration of Independence to determine the historical context and political philosophies that influenced its creation.

Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the American colonies and Great Britain to explain the American victory in the Revolution.

Explain the major debates that occurred during the adoption of the Constitution and their ultimate resolution.

Evaluate the responses of early American leaders to the social, political, economic and religious challenges facing the new nation.

Infer how events of this period led to the development of philosophies, interest groups and political parties.

Evaluate the impact of the French and Indian Wars on Great Britain's approach to colonial rule.

Apply the concept of representation to the conflict between the colonies and Great Britain.

Apply the principles of inalienable rights, popular sovereignty, natural rights, and social contract to evaluate the purpose and legacy of the Declaration of Independence.

Evaluate the successes and challenges of the Articles of Confederation to explain the need for a constitutional convention.

Apply the principles of rule of law, representation, separation of powers, checks and balances, and federalism to explain the purposes and functions of the Constitution.

Describe the origins and purposes of the Bill of Rights and evaluate the enduring significance of these concepts to the preservation of individual rights and liberties.

Examine elections, issues, laws, and events to explain how the concepts of judicial review, elastic clause, and an amendment process were established or used to meet challenges.

Draw conclusions about regional conflict and cooperation as a consequence of physical geography.

Evaluate the relationships among population, representation, and their effect on power in the new government.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States during this era c. 1763-1812.

Describe the function and purpose of taxes imposed by Great Britain following the Seven Years War, evaluating colonial responses to them.

Compare the emerging economic characteristics of the nation and colonial regions to make predictions about future expansion and conflict.

Trace the development of the American economic system to explain how taxes, tariffs, and monetary policies were used to establish sustainability and growth.

Analyze the perspectives of diverse individuals and groups to explain the extent of their support for the Revolutionary War.

Analyze populations of colonies/states to explain how their cultural, religious, social, and economic characteristics influenced the emergence of regional identity.

Compare and contrast the perspectives of individuals and groups regarding the development of the American governmental system to explain emerging divisions and political philosophies.

Evaluate laws, events, and perspectives to determine the extent to which individuals and groups could participate in, and realize, the promise of American ideals.

Analyze the artistic and intellectual achievements of early Americans to provide evidence of an emerging American identity.

Analyze the expansion of the United States in the early 19th century to trace U.S. growth and form hypotheses about future conflicts.

Evaluate the responses of North and South American leaders to the social, political, economic and religious challenges of the period.

Analyze the forced removal and resettlements of Native Americans to determine its impact on their cultures and civilization.

Trace the expansion of voting rights and patterns and explain how it impacted elections and political movements.

Analyze landmark Supreme Court cases to determine the effect on the definition and expansion of federal power.

Explain how the principles of rule of law, separation of powers, checks and balance, and federalism were impacted by Jacksonian democracy.

Trace the changing boundaries of the United States and describe how it represents the changing relationships with its neighbors and Native Americans.

Assess Manifest Destiny in relation to push-pull factors, geographic features, and human environmental interactions to determine their influence on the movement of goods, people and ideas.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life c.1812-1848.

Analyze the origins and characteristics of coercive labor systems, including slavery, and their impact on economic and political expansion.

Explain how the expansion of industrialization, transportation and technological developments influenced different regions and the relationship between those regions.

Trace the continued development of the American economic system to explain how taxes, tariffs, and monetary policies were used to establish sustainability and growth.

Evaluate the effectiveness of various reform movements, laws, and events to determine their impact on the promise of American ideals.

Analyze the experiences of enslaved peoples in North and South America to determine the cultural impact and enduring consequences.

Analyze artistic, intellectual, and religious movements to show how they reflect the aspirations and beliefs of the developing nation.

Describe the culture and accomplishments of Native Americans and African American s in the ways they responded to American expansion.

Analyze patterns of immigration to determine their impacts on the cultural, social, political and economic development of the United States.

Analyze political compromises over slavery in the territories to explain intensifying sectional conflicts.

Trace the events as well as political, cultural and social conditions leading to conflict between Northern and Southern states.

Describe critical developments and turning points in the Civil War including major battles.

Compare responses of government systems in the North and South to major legislation, executive orders, and court decisions before, during and after the Civil War.

Analyze federalism and popular sovereignty to explain peoples' expectations of the role of government and their place in governance.

Analyze the election of 1860 to explain the development of political parties and how they influence the selection of leaders.

Compare and contrast the governmental systems of the North and South to determine the strengths and weaknesses of federal and confederal systems.

Analyze the geography of North, South, and West in order to explain their cultural, social and economic differences.

Evaluate the significance of geography on the conduct of the war and strategy of the North and South.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life in this time period.

Explain how the expansion of industrialization, transportation, and technological developments influenced different regions and the relationship among those regions.

Compare the economic strengths and weaknesses of the North and South before, during and immediately after the Civil War.

Determine the impact of the ideas contained in major speeches, literature, music, and writings from diverse individuals on the perspectives of American people, groups and movements.

Describe the impact of scientific and technological advances on the outcome of the war and its effect on people and diverse groups.

Analyze the evolution of the women's movement to trace its continued development and evaluate its impact.

Analyze the evolution of the abolitionist movement to trace its continued development and evaluate its impact.

Trace the development of African American culture in non-slave states and in the context of slavery.

Create and use historical maps and timelines in order to represent continuity and change within and among regions over time.

Evaluate historical solutions to problems within and among regions in order to draw conclusions about current and future decisions.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigating social studies topics and create a research product which applies an aspect of geography to a contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling geographic questions, determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a current geographic issue as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

Using a geographic lens, analyze laws, policies and processes to determine how governmental systems affect individuals and groups in society.

Analyze current human environmental issues using relevant geographic sources to propose solutions.

Create and use maps, graphs, statistics, and geospatial technology in order to explain relationships and reveal spatial patterns or trends.

Analyze how the physical and human characteristics of current world regions are connected to changing identity and culture.

Locate the states of the United States and corresponding regions.

Locate the cities of Missouri, the United States and the world.

Locate the major nations of the world.

Locate the major landforms of the world.

Using a geographic lens, evaluate economic decisions to determine costs and benefits on contemporary society.

Analyze material culture to explain a people's perspective and use of place.

Explain how the physical and human characteristics of places and regions are connected to human identities and cultures.

Compare and contrast the human characteristics within and among contemporary and historic regions over time.

Explain how regions of the world change over time in relation to historical events and trends and the human characteristics of place.

Explain how forces of nature impact historic and current conflicts and cooperation.

Evaluate the impact of human settlement activities on the environmental and cultural characteristic of specific places and regions.

Using a geographic lens, analyze the laws and governmental systems of a place in order to determine their effects on individuals, groups, and institutions.

Draw conclusions about how laws impact the development of a place and how a place impacts the development of laws.

Describe how physical processes shape the environment of a place.

Describe a variety of ecosystems, and explain where they may be found.

Explain how human-environmental interactions shape people and places.

Explain how the movement of people, goods, and ideas impact regions.

Analyze resource availability to explain the causes and impacts of conflict or cooperation.

Analyze patterns of resource distribution to explain the consequences of personal and public economic decisions.

Use economic concepts such as GDP, scarcity, inflation, to describe and compare places and regions.

Analyze economic systems to explain their impact on peoples' behavior and choices.

Compare and contrast the human characteristics within and among regions.

Explain how groups and institutions of a place develop to meet peoples' needs.

Analyze the relationship between the physical environment and cultural traditions to determine their impact on individuals, groups, and institutions.

Analyze religion and belief systems of a place to determine their impact on people, groups, and cultures.

Describe how a peoples' culture is expressed through their art, architecture and literature.

Debate the development of and issues surrounding modern border disputes.

Create and use tools to analyze a chronological sequence of related events that happen at the same time.

Explain connections among historical context and peoples' perspectives at the time.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigating social studies topics and create a research product which applies an aspect of world history prior to c.1450 to a contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling questions about world history prior to c. 1450, to determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a specific problem in world history prior to c. 1450 as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

Analyze laws, policies and processes to determine how governmental systems affect individuals and groups in society in world history prior to c.1450.

Create and use maps and other graphic representations in order to explain relationships and reveal patterns or trends in world history prior to 1450.

Describe the impact of human settlement activities on the environmental and cultural characteristics of world regions prior to c. 1450.

Locate major cities of the world and key world nations; the world's continents, and oceans; and major topographical features of the world.

Using a world history lens, examine the opportunity costs and benefits of economic decisions on society as a whole as well as on individuals prior to c. 1450.

Using a world history lens, describe how peoples' perspectives shaped the sources/artifacts they created.

Using a world history lens, examine the origins and impact of social structures and stratification on societies and relationships between peoples.

Explain the causes and results of the Agricultural Revolution in relation to the development of new and more complex societies Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Analyze the role early civilizations had in shaping concepts of government, law, and social order.

Explain the origins, functions, and structure of monarchies, theocracies, city states, empires and dynasties.

Distinguish the powers and responsibilities of subjects and political leaders in monarchies, theocracies, and city-states and empires.

Explain how the codification of law impacted early civilizations.

Describe how the physical characteristics of river valleys supported permanent settlement and the rise of early civilizations.

Analyze the cultural and human characteristics of early civilizations to determine how they are similar and different.

Explain how the physical and human characteristics of early civilizations are connected to human identities and cultures.

Using a world history lens, explain how the concept of economic surplus. led to trade and the emergence of specialized labor.

Explain how standardization affects the early stability of a society.

Explain the significance of monotheistic and polytheistic religions to the social and political order of early civilizations.

Describe the origins, structure, and essential beliefs of Judaism, Hinduism, and Buddhism.

Describe how the world view of social groups and institutions influence culture and define the position of the individual within various societies.

Analyze scientific, technological, intellectual, and artistic advancements to determine the legacy of the ancient civilizations.

Analyze the rise and fall of classical civilizations to determine their significance to future societies.

Trace the impact of conflicts, competition, and cooperation within and among classical civilizations.

Explain the origins, functions, and structure of governmental systems within classical civilizations.

Analyze direct democracy and representative democracy in order to apply the concepts of majority rule, minority rights and civic duty.

Explain how the rule of law developed from a written code of laws as well as separation of powers and checks and balances.

Explain the significance of physical geography to the creation of classical civilizations.

Identify the effect of natural forces upon human activities.

Describe trade patterns and how they influenced the movement of resources, goods, and services.

Explain how standardization impacts the stability of a civilization.

Explain how political and economic stability and security affects the well-being of individuals and society.

Explain the significance of art, mythology, literature and philosophy to the culture and social order of classical civilizations.

Analyze scientific, technological, intellectual, and artistic advancements to determine the legacy of the classical civilizations.

Analyze the extent and impact of cultural diffusion that results from empire building.

From a historical perspective, explain the origin, structure, spread, and significant beliefs of Christianity.

Compare how the collapse of government and resulting instability led to the development of feudal kingdoms in Europe and Japan.

Explain the origins and significance of the expansion of the Muslim and Mongol rule in Europe, Asia and Africa.

Analyze how the Crusades and Black Death affected existing societies in Europe, Asia and Africa.

Analyze the cultures of civilizations in sub-Saharan Africa, Mesoamerica, and Andean South America.

Explain the origins, functions, and structure of governmental systems within civilizations.

Explain how the rule of law is further developed by the Magna Carta and other documents and traditions including limited government and due process.

Analyze the conflict and cooperation between religions and the state to determine their impact on people and societies.

Explain how the spread of cultural patterns and economic decisions shape and are shaped by environments.

Describe how physical geographic characteristics influenced human identities and cultures.

Explain how inter-regional trade intensified the exchange of goods, ideas and people.

Analyze scientific, technological, intellectual, and artistic advancements to determine the legacy of European, African and Mesoamerican civilizations.

From a historical perspective, explain the origin, structure, spread, and significant beliefs of Islam.

Describe how the world view of individuals, social groups, and institutions changed as a result of connections among regions.

Analyze the caus.es and effects of the changing roles of class, ethnicity, race, gender and age on world cultures prior to c. 1450.

People, Groups and Cultures (PC)

Economic Concepts (EC)

Geographical Study (G)

Government Systems and Principles (GS)

History: Continuity and Change (CC)

American History I

People, Groups and Cultures (PC)

Economic Concepts (EC)

Geographical Study (G)

Government Systems and Principles (GS)

History: Continuity and Change (CC)

World History I

People, Groups and Cultures (PC)

Economic Concepts (EC)

Geographical Study (G)

Government Systems and Principles (GS)

History: Continuity and Change (CC)

World Geography

Create and use tools to analyze a chronological sequence of related events in American history.

Explain connections between historical context and peoples’ perspectives at the time in American history.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigating social studies’ topics and create a research product that applies an aspect of American history prior to c. 1870 to a contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling questions about American history prior to 1870, to determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a specific problem in American history prior to 1870 as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

Using an American history lens, examine the opportunity costs and benefits of economic decisions on society as a whole as well as on individuals, prior to c. 1870.

Create and use maps and other graphic representations in order to explain relationships and reveal patterns or trends in American history prior to c. 1870.

Explain how the physical and human characteristics of regions in the Americas prior to c. 1870 connect to changing identity and culture.

Locate major cities of Missouri, the United States, and the world; states of the United States and key world nations; the world’s continents, and oceans; and major topographical features of the United States.

Analyze laws, policies, and processes to determine how governmental systems affect individuals and groups in society in American history prior to c. 1870.

Using an American history lens, describe how peoples’ perspectives shaped the sources/artifacts they created.

Using an American history lens, examine the origins and impact of social structures and stratification on societies and relationships between peoples.

Create and use historical maps and timelines in order to represent continuity and change within and among regions over time

Evaluate historical solutions to problems within and among world regions in order to draw conclusions about current and future decisions.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigating social studies topics and create a research product that applies an aspect of geography to a contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling geographic questions, determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a current geographic issue as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

Using a geographic lens, evaluate economic decisions to determine costs and benefits on contemporary society

Create and use maps, graphs, statistics, and geospatial technology in order to explain relationships and reveal spatial patterns or trends.

Analyze how the physical and human characteristics of current world regions connect to changing identity and culture.

Using a geographic lens, analyze the laws and governmental systems of a place in order to determine their affect individuals and groups in society.

Analyze current human environmental issues using relevant geographic sources to propose solutions.

Analyze material culture to explain a people’s perspective and use of place.

Explain how the physical and human characteristics of places and regions connect to human identities and cultures.

Compare and contrast the human characteristics within and among contemporary and historic regions over time.

Create and use tools to analyze a chronological sequence of related events in world history.

Explain connections among historical context and peoples’ perspectives at the time in world history.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigation social studies topics and create a research product that applies an aspect of world history prior to 1450 to contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling questions about world history prior to c. 1450, to determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a specific problem in world history prior to c. 1450 as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

Using a world history lens, examine the opportunity costs and benefits of economic decisions on society as a whole as well as on individuals prior to c. 1450

Create and use maps and other graphic representations in order to explain relationships and reveal patterns or trends in world history prior to 1450.

Describe the impact of human settlement activities on the environmental and cultural characteristics of world regions prior to c. 1450.

Locate major cities of the world and key world nations - the world’s continents, and oceans - and major topographical features of the world.

Analyze laws, policies and processes to determine how governmental systems affecting individuals and groups in society in world history prior to c.1450

Using a world history lens, describe how peoples’ perspectives shaped the sources/artifacts they created.

Using a world history lens, examine the origins and impact of social structures and stratification on societies and relationships between peoples.

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

People, Groups, and Cultures

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Economic Concepts

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Geographical Study

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Government Systems and Principles

Conflict and Crisis

Expansion

Founding

Settlements

Tools of Social Science Inquiry

Continuity and Change

Analyze political compromises over slavery in the territories to explain intensifying sectional conflicts

Trace the events as well as political, cultural, economic, and social conditions leading to conflict between Northern and Southern states.

Describe critical developments and turning points in the Civil War, including major battles.

Create and use tools to analyze a chronological sequence of related events in American history.

Explain connections between historical context and peoples’ perspectives at the time in American history.

With assistance, develop a research plan, identify appropriate resources for investigating social studies’ topics and create a research product which applies an aspect of American history prior to c. 1870 to a contemporary issue.

Using an inquiry lens, develop compelling questions about American history prior to 1870, to determine helpful resources and consider multiple points of views represented in the resources.

Analyze the causes and consequences of a specific problem in American history prior to c. 1870 as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

Using an American history lens, examine the opportunity costs and benefits of economic decisions on society as a whole as well as on individuals, prior to c. 1870.

Create and use maps and other graphic representations in order to explain relationships and reveal patterns or trends in American history prior to c. 1870.

Explain how the physical and human characteristics of regions in the Americas prior to c. 1870 are connected to changing identity and culture.

Locate major cities of Missouri, the United States, and the world; states of the United States and key world nations; the world’s continents, and oceans; and major topographical features of the United States.

Analyze laws, policies, and processes to determine how governmental systems affectindividuals and groups in society in American history prior to c. 1870.

Using an American history lens, describe how peoples’ perspectives shaped the sources/artifacts they created.

Using an American history lens, examine the origins and impact of social structures and stratification on societies and relationships between peoples.

Trace the causes and consequences of indigenous peoples arriving in the Americas beginning c. 15,000 BCE.

Comparemotivating factors leading Europeans to settle in the New World to explain colonial diversity and regionaldifferences in North and South America.

Trace the causes and consequences of conflict and cooperation between Native Americans and North and South American colonists using multiple viewpoints.

Describe the causes and consequences of the Seven Years War as a turning point in American history.

Analyze the concept of Manifest Destiny as a catalyst for change in American history.

Compare sources of labor, emerging economic production, and availability of land in the New World and their impact on economic development in North and South America.

Analyze the mercantile system to explain colonial responses to economic control by European nations including Great Britain.

Analyze diverseNative American cultures in North, Central and South America to explain the way they adapted to their various environments.

Analyze the geography of colonial regions to explain their cultural, social and economicdifferences.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life.

Compare the governmental systems of European powers to determine their effect on colonization in the Americas.

Explain how the founding of English colonies influenced their governments and expectations for self-rule

Analyze local and colonial governments to trace the factors influencing their structure and function.

Analyze the religious, cultural, political and intellectual developments of Spanish, Portuguese, British and French regions to explain the development of diverse cultures throughout the Americas.

Analyze the religious, cultural, and intellectual developments of the European colonies to explain the development of regionalism and an American identity.

Compare and contrast the interaction of European settlers with Native Americans in both North and South America.

Trace the events leading to escalating conflict between Great Britainand the colonies, from multiple viewpoints.

Analyze the Declaration of Independence to determine the historical context and political philosophies that influenced its creation.

Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the American colonies and Great Britain to explain the American victory in the Revolution.

Explain the major debates that occurred during the adoption of the Constitution and their ultimate resolution.

Evaluate the responses of early American leaders to the social, political, economic and religious challenges facing the new nation.

Infer how events of this period led to the development of philosophies, interest groups and political parties.

Describe the function and purpose of taxes imposed by Great Britain following the Seven Years War, evaluating colonial responses to them.

Compare the emerging economic characteristics of the nation and colonial regions to make predictions about future expansion and conflict.

Trace the development of the American economic system to explain how taxes, tariffs, and monetary policies were used to establish sustainability and growth.

Draw conclusions about regional conflict and cooperation as a consequence of physical geography.

Evaluate the relationships among population, representation, and their effect on power in the new government.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States during this era c. 1763-1812.

Evaluate the impact of the French and Indian Wars on Great Britain’s approach to colonial rule.

Apply the concept of representation to the conflict between the colonies and Great Britain.

Apply the principles of inalienable rights, popular sovereignty, natural rights, and social contract to evaluate the purpose and legacy of the Declaration of Independence

Evaluate the successes and challenges of the Articles of Confederation to explain the need for a Constitutional Convention.

Apply the principles of rule of law, representation, separation of powers, checks and balances, and federalism to explain the purposes and functions of the Constitution.

Describe the origins and purposes of the Bill of Rights and evaluate the enduring significance of these concepts to the preservation of individual rights and liberties.

Examine elections, issues, laws, and events of this time period to explain how the concepts of judicial review, elastic clause, and an amendment process were established or used to meet challenges.

Analyze the perspectives of diverse individuals and groups to explain the extent of their support for the RevolutionaryWar.

Analyze populations of colonies/states to explain how their cultural, religious, social, and economic characteristics influenced the emergence of regional identity.

Compare and contrast the perspectives of individuals and groups regarding the development of the American governmental system to explain emerging divisions and political philosophies.

Evaluate laws, events, and perspectives to determine the extent to which individuals and groups could participate in, and realize, the promise of American ideals.

Analyze the artistic and intellectual achievements of early Americans to provide evidence of an emerging American identity

Analyze the expansion of the United States in the early nineteenth century to trace U.S. growth and form hypotheses about future conflicts.

Evaluate the responses of North and South American leaders to the social, political, economic and religious challenges of the period.

Analyze the forced removal and resettlements of Native Americans to determine its impact on their cultures and civilization.

Analyze the origins and characteristics of coercive labor systems, including slavery, and their impact on economic and political expansion.

Explain how the expansion of industrialization, transportation and technological developments influenced different regions and the relationship among those regions.

Trace the continued development of the American economic system to explain how taxes, tariffs, and monetary policies were used to establish sustainability and growth.

Trace the changing boundaries of the United States and describe how it represents the changing relationships with its neighbors and Native Americans.

Assess Manifest Destiny in relation to push-pull factors, geographic features, and human environmental interactions to determine their influence on the movement of goods, people and ideas.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life c. 1812-1848.

Trace the expansion of voting rights and patterns and explain how it impacted elections and political movements.

Analyze landmark Supreme Court cases to determine the effect on the definition and expansion of federal power.

Explain how the principles of rule of law, separation of powers, checks and balance, and federalism were impacted by Jacksonian democracy.

Evaluate the effectiveness of various reform movements, laws, and events to determine their impact on the promise of American ideals.

Analyze the experiences of enslaved peoples in North and South America to determine the cultural impact and enduring consequences.

Analyze artistic, intellectual, and religious movements to show how they reflect the aspirations and beliefs of the developing nation.

Describe the culture and accomplishments of native American cultures to compare the various ways they responded to American expansion.

Analyze patterns of immigration to determine their impacts on the cultural, social, political and economic development.

Explain how the expansion of industrialization, transportation, and technological developments influenced different regions and the relationship among those regions.

Compare the economic strengths and weaknesses of the North and South before, during and immediately after the Civil War.

Analyze the United States’ geography of North, South, and West in order to explain their regional cultural, social and economic differences.

Evaluate the significance of geography on the conduct of the war and strategy of the North and South.

Compare major patterns of population distribution, demographics and migrations in the United States and the impact of those patterns on cultures and community life.

Compare responses of government systems in the North and South to major legislation, executive orders, and court decisions before, during and immediately after the Civil War.

Analyze federalism and popular sovereignty to explain peoples’ expectations of the role of government and their place in governance.

Analyze the election of 1860 to explain the development of political parties and how they influence the selection of leaders.

Compare and contrast the governmental systems of the US North and South to determine the strengths and weaknesses of federal and confederal systems.

Determine the impact of the ideas contained in major speeches, literature, music, and writings from diverse individuals on the perspectives of American people, groups and movements.

Describe the impact of scientific and technological advances on the outcome of the war and its effect on people and diverse groups.

Analyze the evolution of the women’s movementto trace its continued development and evaluate its impact.

Analyze the evolution of the Abolitionist Movement to trace its continued development and evaluate its impact.

Trace the development of African American culture in nonslave states and in the context of slavery.