Grade 8 Science Missouri standards Standards

Safety, Law & Ethics

Social Interactions

Culture

Impacts of Computing

Program Development

Modularity

Control

Variables

Algorithms

Algorithms & Programming

Inference & Models

Collection, Visualization & Transformation

Storage

Data & Analysis

Cybersecurity

Network Communication & Organization

Networks & the Internet

Troubleshooting

Hardware & Software

Devices

Computing Systems

Design algorithms with flow charts and/or pseudocode to show solutions to complex problems.

Design and develop combinations of control structures, nested loops and compound conditionals.

Decompose problems and subproblems into parts to facilitate the design, implementation and review of programs.

Create procedures with parameters to organize code and to make it easier to reuse.

Use flowcharts and/or pseudocode to solve problems using algorithms.

Use feedback from team members and users to refine solutions to meet user needs.

Give proper attribution to code, media, etc. that is used in their programs.

Test and refine programs using a range of test cases.

Manage project tasks and timelines when collaboratively developing computational artifacts.

Create clearly named variables to store and manipulate information.

Design projects that combine hardware and software to collect and exchange data.

Develop a systematic troubleshooting routine to identify the problem, research solutions and fix problems with computing devices, components and software.

Collect data using computational tools and display it for the end user in an easy to understand way.

Analyze methods to refine computational models based on received data.

Represent data using multiple encoding schemes.

Compare tradeoffs associated with computing technologies that have impacted people's activities, careers and lives when solving global problems using the power of computing

Discuss issues of bias and accessibility in the design of existing technologies.

Collaborate through strategies such as crowdsourcing or surveys when creating a computational artifact.

Describe tradeoffs between allowing information to be public and keeping information private and secure.

Continue to discuss and understand the implications of positive and negative digital footprints and that they never go away.

Recognize and determine computer threats and be able to identify programs and methods to protect electronic information.

Demonstrate how data is transmitted through multiple methods of encryption.

Model the different ways that data is transferred across a network and the protocols used to transmit the data.

Evaluate the design of computing devices, based on the characteristics of each device and how users interact with it, to improve the overall user experience.

Engineering, Technology, and Application of Science

Earth and Space Sciences

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences

Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to explain the cyclic patterns of lunar phases and eclipses of the sun and moon.

Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun system to explain the cyclical pattern of seasons, which includes the Earth's tilt and directional angle of sunlight on different areas of Earth across the year.

Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system.

Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.

Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's history.

Develop and use a model to illustrate that energy from the Earth's interior drives convection which cycles Earth's crust leading to melting, crystallization, weathering and deformation of large rock formations, including generation of ocean sea floor at ridges, submergence of ocean sea floor at trenches, mountain building and active volcanic chains.

Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales.

Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions.

Design and develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

Research, collect, and analyze data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions.

Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.

Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how the uneven distributions of Earth's mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are the result of past and current geoscience processes and human activity.

Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects.

Analyze data to define the relationship for how increases in human population and per-capita consumption of natural resources impact Earth's systems.

Apply scientific principles to design a method for monitoring and minimizing a human impact on the environment.

Analyze evidence of the factors that have caused the change in global temperatures over the past century.

Define the criteria and constraints of a design problem with sufficient precision to ensure a successful solution, taking into account relevant scientific principles and potential impacts on people and the natural environment that may limit possible solutions.

Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.

Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

Provide evidence that organisms (unicellular and multicellular) are made of cells and that a single cell must carry out all of the basic functions of life.

Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of the cells contribute to that function.

Develop an argument supported by evidence for how multicellular organisms are organized by varying levels of complexity; cells, tissue, organs, organ systems.

Present evidence that body systems interact to carry out key body functions, including providing nutrients and oxygen to cells, removing carbon dioxide and waste from cells and the body, controlling body motion/activity and coordination, and protecting the body.

Construct an explanation for how characteristic animal behaviors as well as specialized plant structures affect the probability of successful reproduction of animals and plants respectively.

Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how environmental and genetic factors influence the growth of organisms.

Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for the role of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms.

Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on individual organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem.

Construct an explanation that predicts the patterns of interactions among and between the biotic and abiotic factors in a given ecosystem.

Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that explains how changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations.

Evaluate benefits and limitations of differing design solutions for maintaining an ecosystem.

Analyze and interpret evidence from the fossil record to infer patterns of environmental change resulting in extinction and changes to life forms throughout the history of the Earth.

Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals' probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.

Gather and synthesize information about the technologies that have changed the way humans influence the inheritance of desired traits in organisms.

Interpret graphical representations to support explanations of how natural selection may lead to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time.

Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures.

Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.

Gather, analyze, and present information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and how they impact society.

Develop a model that describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms remains the same during a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

Construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

Apply physics principles to design a solution that minimizes the force of an object during a collision and develop an evaluation of the solution.

Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.

Analyze diagrams and collect data to determine the factors that affect the strength of electric and magnetic forces.

Create and analyze a graph to use as evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions depend on the mass of interacting objects.

Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that electric and magnetic fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object.

Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system.

Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer.

Plan and conduct an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the temperature of the sample.

Construct, use, and present arguments to support the claim that when the kinetic energy of an object changes, energy is transferred to or from the object.

Use mathematical representations to describe a simple model for waves that includes how the amplitude of a wave is related to the energy in a wave.

Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.

Earth's Place in the Universe

The Universe and its Stars

Earth and the Solar System

The History of Planet Earth

Earth's Systems

Earth Materials and Systems

Plate Tectonics and Large-Scale Systems

The Role of Water in Earth's Surface Processes

Earth and Human Activity

Natural Resources

Natural Hazards

Human Impacts on Earth's Systems

Global Climate Change

Engineering Design

Defining and Delimiting Engineering Problems

Developing Possible Solutions

From Molecules to Organisms: Structure and Processes

Structure and Function

Growth and Development of Organisms

Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms

Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems

Cycles of matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems

Ecosystems Dynamics, Functioning and Resilience

Biological Evolution; Unity and Diversity

Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity

Natural Selection

Adaptation

Matter and Its Interactions

Structure and Properties of Matter

Chemical reactions

Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

Forces and Motion

Types of Interaction

Energy

Definitions of Energy

Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer

Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer

Wave Properties